World+Economy



Main Idea: in the 5th century new technology lead to critical new technological improvements that allowed change. Main Idea: When it comes to exploring isolated areas such as the Americas, Portugal and Spain were the first ones to explore. Main Idea: Main Idea: Main Idea Main Idea: There was so many dominating coutnries within Europe that dominant power flucated between coutnires
 * New Technology: A Key To Power**
 * Europeans delvoped round hulled sailing ships that could voage across the Atlantic.
 * with the help of the compass and improved map making Europe was able to improve their sea routes and how fast they made them
 * Europeans also furthered devloped the idea of explosive
 * Chinese invention of gunnery ---> further devleoping of metalwork which lead to the first guns.
 * Portugal and Spain Lead the Pack**
 * Portugal like the fact that:
 * there was discovery
 * causing harm to the Muslim world
 * potential wealth
 * Portugal explored the African coast and around the Cape of Good Hope to further their economy
 * by 1493 Chirstopher Columbus a explorer from Spain mistakenly found the Americas when he intended to go to India.
 * in 1519 Spanish expeditiator Ferdinand Magellan sucessfuly set sail on the first trip around the war.
 * Northern European Expeditions**
 * During the 16th century Europe took the reins in exploration
 * Soon though the British, the Dutch and the French were competing in the top spot because that would mean dominant power of the world
 * All though did these ventures for economics purposes.
 * English tried to go to China and the Americas
 * French went to Canada
 * Dutch went to Indonesia, Netherlands, Australia
 * the creation of the Dutch East India Companu and the British East India Company help increase commerical fortunes
 * The Columbian Exchange of Disease and Food**
 * Due to exploration of Americas, the Euro Asians passed down dieases that left millions of Native Americans dead.
 * There was good exchange such as new crops like
 * sweet potato
 * corn
 * The West's Commerical Outreach**
 * Muslims trade was still able to flourish around the Middle East however Europe dominated ocean shipping
 * there was a chance that the Muslims could fight for control but Lepanto that idea was soon ended.
 * Europe had trading ports
 * along the west of Africa
 * Indian subcontinet
 * islands of southeast Asia
 * Europeans influence led to the formation of special Western enclaves in existing cities.
 * international trade gained growing importance in supllementing regional economies.
 * Imbalances in World Trade**
 * Spain briefly dominanted but lacked banking sytem.
 * the core nations used their growing economic sources to created self serving political policies
 * mercantalism. power=wealth
 * tariff policies discouraged manufactoring in colonal areas and stimulated homebased manufacturing.

Colonization of **British and French North America: Backwater Colonie**s
 * The Americas: Loosely Controlled Colonies **
 * Europe further developed guns, horses, iron weapons which provided opportunities
 * Spain colonized several West Indian Islands starting with Hispaniola which was after Columbus's first voyage
 * More formal administration spread as agriculture settlements were established
 * Francisco Pizarro finally gained prestige in 1528 when he and 180 soldiers attacked and divided the Inca Empire
 * Early colonies were developed by small bands of greedy Europeans
 * Colonial rulers established loose control over native population
 * More formal administration spread as agriculture settlements were established
 * Birth Rates were increasing
 * English colonies along the Atlantic received religious refugees
 * Ex Calvinists who fled religious tensions in Britain
 * There was effort to recruit settlers because of government grants of land
 * By 1755 New France had approximately 55000 setters in Canada
 * The seven years war was a fight between Britain and France -struggle between two powers
 * France lost its colonies under the Treaty of Paris
 * The Dutch were more inclined to say with their Asian colonies
 * British and French leaders valued their West Indian holdings
 * North America didn’t equal the same as the Caribbean or Latin America
 * The society that developed in the British colonies was far closer to west European forms than was that of Latin America
 * North America developed a merchant class and some take some similar patterns from Europe
 * Africa and Asia: Coastal Trading Stations **
 * Europeans idled themselves with mall coastal fortresses
 * Boers or farmers started to expand on larger farms in a region still heavily populated by Africans
 * European Colonies in Asia were also highly profitable
 * Spain= set up administration for the Philippines